After Drake's death, the widow Elizabeth eventually married Sir William Courtenay of Powderham. In 1585, Drake married Elizabeth Sydenham-born circa 1562, the only child of Sir George Sydenham, of Combe Sydenham, who was the High Sheriff of Somerset. Marriage and familyįrancis Drake married Mary Newman at St. The ship's master was so satisfied with the young Drake's conduct that, being unmarried and childless at his death, he bequeathed the barque to Drake. Drake's father apprenticed him to his neighbour, the master of a barque used for coastal trade transporting merchandise to France.
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He was ordained deacon and was made vicar of Upnor Church on the Medway. There Drake's father obtained an appointment to minister the men in the King's Navy. īecause of religious persecution during the Prayer Book Rebellion in 1549, the Drake family fled from Devon to Kent. The first son was alleged to have been named after his godfather Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford. He was the oldest of the twelve sons of Edmund Drake (1518–1585), a Protestant farmer, and his wife Mary Mylwaye.
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Lady Elliott-Drake, the collateral descendant, and final holder of the Drake Baronetcy, argued in her book on 'The Family and Heirs of Sir Francis Drake' that Drake's birth year was 1541. 1540 is suggested from two portraits: one a miniature painted by Nicholas Hilliard in 1581 when he was allegedly 42, so born circa 1539, while the other, painted in 1594 when he was said to be 52, would give a birth year of around 1541. His birth date is estimated from contemporary sources such as: "Drake was two and twenty when he obtained the command of the Judith" (1566). Although his birth date is not formally recorded, it is known that he was born while the Six Articles were in force. Portrait miniature by Nicholas Hilliard, 1581, reverse of "Drake Jewel", inscribed Aetatis suae 42, An(n)o D(omi)ni 1581 ("42 years of his age, 1581 AD")įrancis Drake was born in Tavistock, Devon, England. King Philip II of Spain allegedly offered a reward of 20,000 ducats for his capture or death, about £6 million (US$8 million) in modern currency. ĭrake's exploits made him a hero to the English, but his privateering led the Spanish to brand him a pirate, known to them as El Draque. After unsuccessfully attacking San Juan, Puerto Rico, he died of dysentery in January 1596.
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As a vice admiral, he was second-in-command of the English fleet in the victorious battle against the Spanish Armada in 1588. In the same year he was appointed mayor of Plymouth. Įlizabeth I awarded Drake a knighthood in 1581 which he received on the Golden Hind in Deptford. His expedition inaugurated an era of conflict with the Spanish on the western coast of the Americas, an area that had previously been largely unexplored by Western shipping. This included his incursion into the Pacific Ocean, until then an area of exclusive Spanish interest, and his claim to New Albion for England, an area in what is now the U.S.
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Drake is best known for his circumnavigation of the world in a single expedition, from 1577 to 1580. 1540 – 28 January 1596) was an English explorer, sea captain, privateer, slave trader, naval officer, and politician. US$138.2 million in 2020 #2 Forbes top-earning pirates